monoclonal nc82 antibody  (Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank)

Journal: iScience

Article Title: Octopamine regulates neural circuits in the mushroom body and central complex, influencing sleep and arousal

doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2026.115564

Figure Lengend Snippet: Activation of OA-VPM neurons promotes wakefulness and arousal (A) Sleep profiles of SS46630 (VPM3, red)>UAS-dTRPA1, SS46603 (VPM4, blue)>UAS-dTRPA1, MB022B (VPM3 and 4, gray)>UAS-dTRPA1, and pBD (empty split-GAL4, black)>UAS-dTRPA1. Sleep amount plotted in 30-min bins and profile represents 3 days, 12 h light and 12 h dark condition (day 1: 21, day 2: 29°C (activation) and day 3: 21). (B and C) Whole-mount brain immunostaining of SS46603 (VPM4)>UAS-mCD8-GFP and SS46630 (VPM3)>UAS-mCD8-GFP flies with anti-GFP (green) and anti-Bruchpilot (BRP, nc82, magenta) antibody staining. Maximal intensity projection of the central brain is shown. Scale bars, 100 μm. (D–F) Sleep duration on days 1, 2, and 3 of flies expressing dTRPA1 in broad and specific VPM3 drivers: SS46630 ( n = 47), MB022B ( n = 48), R24E06 ( n = 72), VPM4 drivers: SS46603 ( n = 46), MB021B ( n = 47), R95A10 ( n = 44), and genotypic controls (empty-split>UAS-dTrpA1 [ n = 62] and UAS-dTRPA1/+ [ n = 47]). (G, H) Sleep duration during daytime and nighttime on day 2 (activation) of the tested genotypes. (I) Activity or number of beam counts/waking minute on day 2 (activation) is shown for the tested genotypes. For (D)–(I), mean ± SEM is shown and comparisons are made using Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn’s multiple comparisons test. (A) and (D)–(I) show male flies. For this and all subsequent figures, statistical significances are indicated as ∗ p < 0.05; ∗∗ p < 0.01; ∗∗∗ p < 0.001; ns, not significant.

Article Snippet: The monoclonal nc82 antibody was obtained from the Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank ( NICHD , 10.13039/100000002 NIH ; 10.13039/100008893 University of Iowa ).

Techniques: Activation Assay, Immunostaining, Staining, Expressing, Activity Assay

Journal: iScience

Article Title: Octopamine regulates neural circuits in the mushroom body and central complex, influencing sleep and arousal

doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2026.115564

Figure Lengend Snippet: Sleep deprivation alters activity of VPM neurons in central brain regions (A) Cumulative sleep amount in minutes observed 12 h during deprivation and 24-h recovery period (dashed line). Rested flies (solid lines) represent flies that were not deprived and monitored in parallel for the 36-h duration. pBD and 24E06-Gal4 flies expressing CalexA are shown in blue and red, respectively. (B) Quantification of sleep lost (in minutes). Data represent 24E06-CalexA flies that were deprived (sleep deprived) and non-deprived controls (rested). Statistical comparisons are made by Mann-Whitney U test. (C) EM-based skeleton reconstruction of OA-VPM3 neurons, projections, and innervated brain regions (adapted from https://codex.flywire.ai/ ). , (D and E) Whole-mount brain immunostaining of 24E06-GAL4>CalexA flies (sleep-replete controls (B) and sleep-deprived controls (C)) with anti-GFP (green) and anti-Bruchpilot (BRP, nc82, magenta) staining. Maximal intensity projection of the central brain is shown. Scale bars, 100 μm. (F and G) Whole-mount brain immunostaining of 24E06-GAL4>CalexA flies (sleep-replete controls (E) and sleep-deprived controls (F)). GFP staining is pseudo-colored for visualization. Maximal intensity projection of the central brain (10–15 slices, 1 μm) is shown. Arrow indicates region around the peduncle to highlight SMP/SIP projections of OA-VPM3 neurons. (H) Quantification of CaLexA (fluorescence intensity) in the SMP/SIP region in flies (sleep-replete and sleep-deprived). Statistical comparisons are made by Mann-Whitney U test, statistical significances are indicated as ∗ p < 0.05; ∗∗ p < 0.01; ∗∗∗ p < 0.001; ns, not significant. (I and J) Whole-mount brain immunostaining of 24E06-GAL4>CalexA flies (sleep-replete controls (E), and sleep-deprived controls (F), CX region are shown. GFP staining is pseudo-colored for visualization. Maximal intensity projection of the central brain (8–10, 1 μm) is shown. Arrows indicate dorsal and ventral projections of FB. (K) Quantification of CaLexA (fluorescence intensity) in the CX region in flies (sleep-replete and sleep-deprived). Statistical comparisons are made by Mann-Whitney U test, statistical significances are indicated as ∗ p < 0.05; ∗∗ p < 0.01; ∗∗∗ p < 0.001; ns, not significant. (L and M) Whole-mount brain immunostaining of 24E06-GAL4>CalexA flies (sleep-replete controls (E) and sleep-deprived controls (F)), CX region is shown. GFP staining is pseudo-colored for visualization. Maximal intensity projection of the central brain (8–10, 1 μm) is shown. Asterisks indicate VPM cell bodies and es indicates esophagus. (N) Quantification of CaLexA (fluorescence intensity) in the ventral region (sleep-replete and sleep-deprived). Scale bars, 20 μm. Data included 8–10 male fly brains.

Article Snippet: The monoclonal nc82 antibody was obtained from the Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank ( NICHD , 10.13039/100000002 NIH ; 10.13039/100008893 University of Iowa ).

Techniques: Activity Assay, Expressing, MANN-WHITNEY, Immunostaining, Staining, Fluorescence

Journal: iScience

Article Title: Octopamine regulates neural circuits in the mushroom body and central complex, influencing sleep and arousal

doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2026.115564

Figure Lengend Snippet: OA-VPM3-dependent arousal is mediated by sleep regulating neurons within MB (A) Schematic of MB KC bodies are represented gray and blue circles depending on the projection lobe. KCs dendrites extend within the calyx and axons project to form α/β, α'/β′, and γ lobes. PAM and PPL1 dopamine neurons (DANs) extensively innervate the lobes. MBONs transmit signals from the MBs to various other brain regions. (B) OA-VPM3 (hemibrain id: 329566174, 5813061260) output represented as a starburst pattern from hemibrain connectome shows extensive downstream signaling via γ lobes, PAM-DANs, and specific MBONs. (C) Experimental strategy to study neuronal pairs by simultaneously activating VPM3 neurons (24E06-LexA; LexAop-dTRPA1) and silencing potential downstream neurons (X-Gal4; UAS-Shi ts1 ). (D) Nighttime sleep duration (day 1, baseline at 21) of flies expressing 24E06-LexA; LexAop-dTRPA1 and X-Gal4; UAS-Shi ts1 . X-Gal4 includes DANs (48B04 n = 99, 15A04 n = 83, 58E02 n = 134, TH n = 147, and Ddc n = 58), KCs (14H06 n = 138, 19B03 n = 32, and 35B12 n = 109) and MBONs (MB078C n = 32, MB112C n = 50, MB298B n = 48, and MB011B n = 67). Controls include empty-split Gal4 ( n = 180) and w1118 ( n = 55). (E) Sleep profile of selected lines showing daytime and nighttime sleep at 21. (F) Nighttime sleep duration (day 2, 31) of flies expressing 24E06-LexA; LexAop-dTRPA1 and X-Gal4; UAS-Shi ts1 . X-Gal4 includes DANs (48B04 n = 99, 15A04 n = 83, 58E02 n = 134, TH n = 147, and Ddc n = 58), KCs (14H06 n = 138, 19B03 n = 32, and 35B12 n = 109) and MBONs (MB078C n = 32, MB112C n = 50, MB298B n = 48, and MB011B n = 67). Controls include empty-split Gal4 ( n = 180) and w1118 ( n = 55). (G) Sleep profile of selected lines showing daytime (21) and nighttime sleep at 31. (H–J) Whole-mount brain immunostaining of DANs (H), KCs (I), and MBONs (J) expressing 10X-UAS-mCD8-GFP flies with anti-GFP (green) and anti-Bruchpilot (BRP, nc82, magenta) antibody staining. Maximal intensity projection of the central brain was made from original z stack files obtained from https://flweb.janelia.org/cgi-bin . In (D) and (F), mean is shown, and comparisons are made using Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn’s multiple comparisons test.

Article Snippet: The monoclonal nc82 antibody was obtained from the Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank ( NICHD , 10.13039/100000002 NIH ; 10.13039/100008893 University of Iowa ).

Techniques: Expressing, Immunostaining, Staining

Journal: eLife

Article Title: Inhibitory circuits control leg movements during Drosophila grooming

doi: 10.7554/eLife.106446

Figure Lengend Snippet: Schematic showing segmental distribution of 13 A (green) and 13B (cyan) neurons across pro-, meta-, and meso-thoracic segments ( T1, T2, T3 ) of VNC. Confocal image: Six GABAergic 13 A neurons (green arrowheads) and six 13B neurons (cyan arrowheads) in each VNC hemisegment, labeled with GFP (green) driven by R35G04-GAL4-DBD, GAD-GAL4-AD . Neuropil in magenta (nc82). Panel B’ provides a zoomed-in view of T1 region. EM reconstructions: 62 13 A neurons (green) and 64 13B neurons (cyan) in right T1. Ventral side up. ( A ) Continuous activation of 13 A and 13B neurons labeled by R35G04-GAL4-DBD, GAD-GAL4-AD in dusted flies reduces front leg rubbing and head sweeps and induces unusual leg extensions. Control: AD-DBD EMPTY SPLIT >UAS CsChrimson (gray ). Experiment: R35G04-GAL4-DBD, GAD-GAL4-AD>UAS CsChrimson (red ). Box plots indicate the percentage of time dusted fly engaged in a given behavior over a 4-min assay (n=7). The solid blue line marks the mean, dark shading the 95% confidence interval, red dashed line the median, and light shading ± 1 standard deviation. *** p ≤0.001, * p ≤0.05 . ( E-F ) Continuous activation of 13 A and 13B neuron subsets induces front leg extension in headless flies. ( E, E′ ) Representative video frames showing headless flies (dusted and undusted) with extended front legs (orange arrowhead) following continuous optogenetic activation of neurons labeled with R35G04-GAL4-DBD, GAD-GAL4-AD>UAS- CsChrimson . Dashed box in E highlights the front legs; schematic illustrates the extended posture. ( F ) Quantification of leg extension phenotypes in dusted and undusted headless flies. Bar plots show the percentage of flies displaying leg extension (red) or a normal posture (gray). Percentages are calculated as the number of flies showing each posture divided by the total number of flies per condition. Dusted: n=9; undusted: n = 5. ( G–H ) Silencing 13 A and 13B neuron subsets locks front legs in flexion in headless flies. ( G, G′ ) Representative video frames showing dusted and undusted headless flies with sustained front leg flexion following silencing of neurons labeled with R35G04-GAL4-DBD, GAD-GAL4-AD>UAS TNTe. Blue arrowheads indicate the flexed posture. ( H ) Quantification of leg flexion phenotypes in dusted and undusted headless flies. Bar plots show the percentage of flies displaying sustained flexion (red). All flies (100%) in both dusted (n=13) and undusted (n=9) conditions showed the phenotype. Also see .

Article Snippet: Primary antibodies used were Chicken pAb anti-GFP (Abcam, 1:1000), Rabbit (Rb) anti- GFP (Abcam, 1:1000), mouse (ms) anti-Neuroglian (BP104) (DSHB, 1:40), ms monoclonal anti-Brp antibody (nC82) (DSHB, 1:200).

Techniques: Labeling, Activation Assay, Control, Standard Deviation

Journal: eLife

Article Title: Inhibitory circuits control leg movements during Drosophila grooming

doi: 10.7554/eLife.106446

Figure Lengend Snippet: Confocal image showing two Dbx-positive 13 A neurons/hemisegment labeled by GFP driven by R11C07-DBD, Dbx-AD Split GAL4 in the adult VNC, labeled by GFP (green). nC82 (magenta) labels synaptic neuropil. ( B–G ) Effects of manipulating activity of two 13 A neurons: Silencing and activation experiments in dusted flies using R11C07-DBD, Dbx-AD Split Gal4>UAS GTACR1 and UAS CsChrimson , respectively. Control conditions include AD-DBD Empty Split with UAS GTACR1 for inactivation and with UAS CsChrimson for activation. 13 A inactivation (n=11), activation (n=4). Bar plots in each panel compare control (blue) and experimental (orange) groups. Each dot represents the mean feature value for a single fly. Bars indicate the group mean, and whiskers represent the 95% confidence interval of the group mean. p-Values (raw and FDR–corrected) are shown above each panel. ( C-D’ ) Contour plots (probability distribution of joint positions) of the front legs during grooming actions. Joint positions are significantly altered upon silencing ( C’ ) and activation of 13 A neurons ( D’ ) in dust-covered flies. Joint positions are shown during head sweeps ( C-D’ ). ( E,E’ ) Median frequency (Hz) of the proximal and medial joints decreases upon silencing of two 13 A neurons. ( F ) Maximum angular velocity (° /s*10 [-2] ) of the proximal joint does not significantly reduce upon silencing of two 13 A neurons.

Article Snippet: Primary antibodies used were Chicken pAb anti-GFP (Abcam, 1:1000), Rabbit (Rb) anti- GFP (Abcam, 1:1000), mouse (ms) anti-Neuroglian (BP104) (DSHB, 1:40), ms monoclonal anti-Brp antibody (nC82) (DSHB, 1:200).

Techniques: Labeling, Activity Assay, Activation Assay, Control

Journal: eLife

Article Title: Inhibitory circuits control leg movements during Drosophila grooming

doi: 10.7554/eLife.106446

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A-A” ) Intra-joint coordination and muscle synergies . Angular velocities of proximal (P, blue) and medial (M, cyan) joints predominantly move synchronously, while distal (D, purple) can move in or out of phase during leg rubbing. The schematic (right) indicates the corresponding joint angles. ( A’-A” ) The proximal and medial joint movements within a leg occur effectively in phase, with a mean lag of ~0.8 frames (8ms) during leg rubbing (A′) and during head grooming sweeps (A″). Bar plots show the lag; each dot indicates one animal. Frame = 10ms. Neuronal labeling of 13A and 13B neurons. Top: Confocal image of six Dbx positive 13 A neurons per hemisegment labeled by GFP using R35G04-GAL4-DBD, Dbx-GAL4-AD in VNC. Neuroglian (magenta) labels axon bundles. Bottom: Confocal image of three 13B neurons per hemisegment labeled by GFP using R11B07-GAL4-DBD, GAD-GAL4-AD . Nc82 (magenta) labels neuropil. ( C–I ) Effects of neuronal activity manipulation in dusted flies. Silencing and activation of 13 A neurons in dusted flies using R35G04-GAL4-DBD, Dbx-GAL4-AD with UAS Kir or UAS CsChrimson , respectively (n=12 silencing, n=19 activation). Control: AD-GAL4-DBD EMPTY SPLIT with UAS Kir or UAS CsChrimson . For 13B neurons, R11B07-GAL4-DBD, GAD-GAL4-AD with UAS GtACR1 , or UAS CsChrimson, respectively (n=7 silencing, n=9 activation); control: AD-GAL4-DBD EMPTY SPLIT with UAS GtACR1 or UAS CsChrimson . Each panel compares control (blue) and experimental (orange) groups. Each dot represents the mean feature value for a single fly. Bars indicate the group mean, and whiskers represent the 95% confidence interval of the group mean. P -values (raw and false discovery rate [FDR]–corrected) are shown above each panel. ( C–D ) Proximal inter-leg distance : Silencing of 13 A ( C ) or 13B ( D ) neurons during head grooming reduces the distance between the femur-tibia joints of the left and right front legs. ( E–I ) Frequency modulation : Silencing 13 A or 13B neurons reduces mean frequency of proximal joint oscillations in dusted flies. ( F, G ). Activation of 13 A neurons reduced frequency, although this change did not survive FDR correction. However, continuous activation of 13 A and 13B neurons increased variability in frequency. ( H, I ). Mean of the per-animal standard deviation (STD) that reflects variability or spread of data is shown.

Article Snippet: Primary antibodies used were Chicken pAb anti-GFP (Abcam, 1:1000), Rabbit (Rb) anti- GFP (Abcam, 1:1000), mouse (ms) anti-Neuroglian (BP104) (DSHB, 1:40), ms monoclonal anti-Brp antibody (nC82) (DSHB, 1:200).

Techniques: Labeling, Activity Assay, Activation Assay, Control, Standard Deviation

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: A Drosophila screen identifies domino as a link between chromatin regulation and synaptic organization

doi: 10.64898/2026.01.12.699054

Figure Lengend Snippet: a , b ) Alternative splicing events in males ( a ) and females ( b ), showing total valid events detected by rMATS and significant events (FDR ≤ 0.05 and |IncLevelDifference| ≥ 0.1). c , d ) ORA of significant splicing events in males ( c ) and females ( d ). e ) Immunofluorescence images of antennal lobes stained with Hoechst (blue) and nc82 (magenta), with merged images shown for both sexes. Scale bar 20µm. Brightness and contrast specifications are consistent across images. f ) Fluorescence intensity was measured as mean ROI antennal lobe - mean ROI foramen, with quantification presented as a percentage of the average wild-type intensity (Brown-Forsythe and Welch ANOVA test).

Article Snippet: The monoclonal antibody nc82, developed by Buchner, E., was obtained from the Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank, created by the NICHD of the NIH and maintained at The University of Iowa, Department of Biology, Iowa City, IA 52242.

Techniques: Alternative Splicing, Immunofluorescence, Staining, Fluorescence

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: A Drosophila screen identifies domino as a link between chromatin regulation and synaptic organization

doi: 10.64898/2026.01.12.699054

Figure Lengend Snippet: a,b ) Alternative splicing events in males ( a ) and females ( b ), showing total valid events detected by rMATS and significant events (FDR ≤ 0.05 and |IncLevelDifference| ≥ 0.1). c , d ) ORA of significant splicing events in males ( c ) and females ( d ). e ) Immunofluorescence images of antennal lobes stained with Hoechst (blue) and nc82 (magenta), with merged images shown for both sexes. Brightness and contrast specifications are consistent across images. Scale bar 20µm. f ) Fluorescence intensity was measured as mean ROI antennal lobe - mean ROI foramen, with quantification presented as a percentage of the average wild-type intensity (Brown-Forsythe and Welch ANOVA test).

Article Snippet: The monoclonal antibody nc82, developed by Buchner, E., was obtained from the Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank, created by the NICHD of the NIH and maintained at The University of Iowa, Department of Biology, Iowa City, IA 52242.

Techniques: Alternative Splicing, Immunofluorescence, Staining, Fluorescence

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Avoidance engages dopaminergic punishment in Drosophila

doi: 10.1101/2025.07.07.663268

Figure Lengend Snippet: a, Proposed action-valence relationship and expression of the transgenic driver to induce backward movement. Moonwalker A >Chrimson A ; magenta: neuropil labelling (anti-Bruchpilot), green: moonwalker neuron labelling (anti-GFP). VNC: ventral nerve cord. b, Overview of learning experiments. Clouds: odours. Light bulb: optogenetic activation of all moonwalker neurons (Moonwalker A ) (c-i) or only the moonwalker descending neurons (MDN1 A ) (j) . c, Aversive memory by pairing odour with moonwalker neuron activation (blue: Moonwalker A >ChR2XXL A , grey: Driver control: Moonwalker A >+, Effector control: +>ChR2XXL A , +) (N= 20,18,18). d, As in (c) , for the indicated training-test intervals (N= 19,20,20,20,20,19). e, As in (c) , using Chrimson A as effector (orange: Moonwalker A >Chrimson A , grey: Driver control: Moonwalker A >+, Effector control: +>Chrimson A ) (N= 17,17,18). f, As in (c) , for a training procedure in which odour presentation followed moonwalker neuron activation (N= 18,15,15). g, Results for the experimental genotypes arranged according to the indicated intervals between odour and optogenetic activation (N= 23,23,23,18; 24; 24,24,24; 24) (includes data re-plotted from (c-h) for the-15 s and 120 s intervals). h, Inhibition of dopamine biosynthesis by 3-iodo-L-tyrosine (3IY), and its effects on learning from moonwalker activation (Moonwalker A >ChR2XXL A , intervals -15 s or 120 s; blue: control, brown: 3IY, light brown: additional supply of 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine (L-DOPA)) (N= 23,24,23; 20,19,20). DDC: dopamine decarboxylase. TH: tyrosine hydroxylase. i, Analysis of movement upon the treatments in (h) . Shown is translational velocity (mm/s), colour-coded from magenta/backward to green/forward movement in relation to moonwalker activation (blue bars). Rows correspond to individual flies; the top three sets of rows show Moonwalker A >ChR2XXL A flies; genetic controls, as in (c), are shown below (N= 12,8,12,16,12,12,12,12,12). j, EM reconstruction of the moonwalker descending neurons (MDNs, magenta) (grey mesh: brain and VNC) and expression of the transgenic driver covering them (MDN1 A >Chrimson A , details as in a ). Learning experiments as in (c) , showing aversive memory through MDN activation (blue: MDN1 A >ChR2XXL A , grey: Driver control: MDN1 A >+, Effector control: +>ChR2XXL A ) (N= 21,17,17). Scale bars in (a,j) : 50 μm. Stippled lines in (a,j) indicate stitching of images of brain and VNC from the same animal, processed separately. Box-whisker plots show median, interquartile range (box) and 10th/90th percentiles (whiskers). Data were analysed across groups by Kruskal-Wallis tests (P< 0.05), followed by pairwise comparisons (Mann-Whitney U-tests, *P< 0.05 with Bonferroni-Holm correction) (ns: P> 0.05). Higher-resolution versions of (a,j) in . NeuronIDs for (j) in Methods Supplemental Table 2. Additional information in .

Article Snippet: For Moonwalker A and MDN1 A crossed to Chrimson A , polyclonal chicken anti-GFP was used as primary antibody (Thermo Fisher Scientific, AB_2534023), diluted 1:1000 in 0.5 % PBST for neuronal labelling, and a monoclonal mouse anti-Bruchpilot (nc82) antibody (Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank, AB_2314866), diluted 1:500 in 0.5 % PBST to label neuropil.

Techniques: Expressing, Transgenic Assay, Activation Assay, Control, Inhibition, Whisker Assay, MANN-WHITNEY

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Avoidance engages dopaminergic punishment in Drosophila

doi: 10.1101/2025.07.07.663268

Figure Lengend Snippet: a-c, Higher-resolution images of the anatomy panels in (a) and (b,c) . Anti-GFP labelling (green) driven by Moonwalker A (a) and MDN1 A (c) is shown along with neuropil labelled by anti-Bruchpilot (magenta). Shown in (b) is the EM reconstruction of the MDN neurons (magenta) in the context of the neuropil (grey mesh). Genotypes: Moonwalker A >Chrimson A (a) , MDN A >Chrimson A (c) .

Article Snippet: For Moonwalker A and MDN1 A crossed to Chrimson A , polyclonal chicken anti-GFP was used as primary antibody (Thermo Fisher Scientific, AB_2534023), diluted 1:1000 in 0.5 % PBST for neuronal labelling, and a monoclonal mouse anti-Bruchpilot (nc82) antibody (Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank, AB_2314866), diluted 1:500 in 0.5 % PBST to label neuropil.

Techniques:

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Avoidance engages dopaminergic punishment in Drosophila

doi: 10.1101/2025.07.07.663268

Figure Lengend Snippet: a,b, Anti-GFP labelling (green) driven by MDN1 B (a) and Moonwalker B (b) along with neuropil labelled with anti-Bruchpilot (magenta). Other details as in the legend of . c-e, Overview (c) and outcome of pairing odour with MDN1 B activation using either ChR2XXL (blue: MDN1 B >ChR2XXL B ) (d) , or Chrimson (orange: MDN1 B >Chrimson B ) (e) , resulting in aversive memory in the experimental genotypes but not in genetic controls (Dri Ctrl: MDN1 B >+, Eff Ctrl: +>ChR2XXL B (d) or +>Chrimson B (e) ) (N= 12,12,10; 12,10,11). Box-whisker plots show median, interquartile range (box) and 10th/90th percentiles (whiskers). Data were analysed across groups by Kruskal-Wallis tests (P< 0.05), followed by pairwise comparisons (Mann-Whitney U-tests, *P< 0.05 with Bonferroni-Holm correction). Other details as in the legend of .

Article Snippet: For Moonwalker A and MDN1 A crossed to Chrimson A , polyclonal chicken anti-GFP was used as primary antibody (Thermo Fisher Scientific, AB_2534023), diluted 1:1000 in 0.5 % PBST for neuronal labelling, and a monoclonal mouse anti-Bruchpilot (nc82) antibody (Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank, AB_2314866), diluted 1:500 in 0.5 % PBST to label neuropil.

Techniques: Activation Assay, Whisker Assay, MANN-WHITNEY